Johann Gottlieb Fichte and Ilia Chavchavadze: Patres Patriae

Parens Patriae and Dispositions in Juvenile Courts

This paper assesses the parens patriae orientation, which is often considered to beat the core of the operation of juvenile courts, and discovers that existing ideas concerning its role must be revised. In opposition to common theory it appears that parens patriae at best shares influence with a number of other orientations in juvenile courts, and may even no longer exist as a distinct, unified...

Johann Wolfgang

Johann Gottlieb Walter (1734-1818) and the technical preparation of bones in an anatomical cabinet in the late eighteenth and nineteenth century.

This study aims to analyze Johann Gottlieb Walter's biography (1734-1818), a German physician that specialized in human anatomy, who received an award of the Göttingen Royal Academy of Sciences. Here, we describe his technique of preparing bones for educational purposes through the comparison of other widely used techniques. The article also focuses on the great historical, scientific and didac...

Postnatal human genetic enhancement and the parens patriae doctrine

This paper explores the role of the state, acting as parens patriae, with respect to the future-looking technology of postnatal human genetic enhancement (PoGE), applied to minors by their parents or the state. Considering postnatal rather than prenatal genetic enhancement (PGE) allows us to explore the putative obligations of the state with respect to actual persons, in contrast to future pers...

With Gottlieb beyond Gottlieb: The Role of Epigenetics in Psychobiological Development

The emerging field of molecular epigenetics studies relatively stable changes in genetic activity that are not due to changes in the DNA sequence. Initial research results indicate a functional role for epigenetic mechanisms in neuron development and neuronal cell function. However, concepts that integrate these findings in an overall theory of psychobiological development have yet to be develo...